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ABSTRACT
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The massive tsunami triggered by the 2011 Tohoku Earthquake not only caused casualties in Japan, but also induced gas explosion and radiation leak at three reactors in the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant complex. The radiation problem lasted till now. The devastating tsunami is an extreme disaster featured the low return period and high destructive potential. Usually resulted as a combination of earthquakes, tsunamis, and nuclear disasters. Earthquakes, the rupture length of the trench longer than expected; tsunamis, the affected area is too large to be controlled by engineering methods; nuclear disaster, no immediate solution leading to a worse disaster. The 311 tsunami event also highlighted the blindness of the past research, especially for overconfidence on understanding the geological environment, and resulting in underestimating the largest potential earthquake and tsunami.
Taiwan is located in the western edge of the Pacific Ring of Fire with drastic changes in the crust and frequent earthquakes. The earthquakes mainly caused by the subduction between the Philippine Sea Plate and the Eurasian plate, and the west of the Philippine Sea plate and Luzon arc colliding with the edge of Eurasia plate. It has the potential of generating large trench-type tsunami, and also has the potential of creating large landslide-type tsunami. Both types of tsunamis are dangerous to Taiwan and the potential cannot be ignored. Because of the special geology, the tsunami in Taiwan features the uniqueness on the tsunami hazard mitigation and research technique.
In this study, the progress of the tsunami research in Taiwan will be introduced, such as the tsunami early warning system in Taiwan, an IIA algorithm for finding the potential tsunami sources, 2D and 3D tsunami models, historical tsunami, temple tsunami, tsunami boulders in Taiwan. At the end, the current progress in the tsunami disaster prevention and strategy will be discussed.
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[1] C. Lin, M.-J. Kao, G.-W. Tzeng, W.-Y. Wong, J. Yang, R. V. Raikar, T.-R. Wu, P. L.-F. Liu, Study on Flow Fields of Boundary-Layer Separation and Hydraulic Jump during Rundown Motion of Shoaling Solitary Wave, Journal of Earthquake and Tsunami,9,5 (2015a).
[2] B.-R. Wu, S.-S. Ke, T.-R. Wu, K.-S. Liu, Tsunami Inundation Map and Its Application on Evacuation Planning in Taiwan, Journal of Earthquake and Tsunami,9,5 (2015).
[3] S. C. Lin, T.-R. Wu, E. Yen, H.-Y. Chen, J. Hsu, Y.-L. Tsai, C.-J. Lee, P. L.-F. Liu, Development of a tsunami early warning system for the South China Sea, Ocean Engineering, 100, 1-18 (2015b).
[4] G.A. Zarruk, E.A. Cowen, T.-R. Wu, P.L.-F. Liu, Vortex shedding and evolution induced by a solitary wave propagating over a submerged cylindrical structure, Journal of Fluids and Structures, 52, 181-198 (2015).
[5] C. Lin, P.-H. Yeh, M.-J. Kao, M.-H. Yu, S.-C. Hsieh, S.-C. Chang, T.-R. Wu, and C.-P. Tsai, Velocity Fields in Near-Bottom and Boundary layer Flows in Prebreaking Zone of a Solitary Wave Propagating over a 1:10 Slope, Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal, and Ocean Engineering,141,3 (2015c).
[6] T.-R. Wu, C.-R. Chu, C.-J. Huang, C.-Y. Wang, S.-Y. Chien, M.-Z. Chen, A two-way coupled simulation of moving solids in free-surface flows, Computers & Fluids,100, 347-355 (2014a)
[7] T.-R. Wu, H. Wang, Y.-Y. Ko, J.-S. Chiou, S.-C. Hsieh, C.-H. Chen, C. Lin, C.-Y. Wang, M.-H. Chuang, Forensic Diagnosis on Flood-Induced Bridge Failure, Part II- framework of Quantitative Assessment, Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities, 28, 1, 85-95 (2014b).
[8] Z. Huang, T.-R. Wu, T.-Y. Chen, S. Y. Sim, A possible mechanism of destruction of coastal trees by tsunamis: A hydrodynamic study on effects of coastal steep hills, Journal of Hydro-environment Research,7,2, 113-123 (2013a).
[9] Z. Huang, T.-R. Wu, and Syamsidik, Recent Research on Tsunami Hazards for Sumatra and the South China Sea Area, Journal of Earthquake and Tsunami,7,1 (2013b).
[10] K.-C. Hu, S.-C. Hsiao, H.-H. Hwung, T.-R. Wu, Three-dimensional numerical modeling of the interaction of dam-break waves and porous media, Advances in Water Resources,47, 14-30 (2012).
[11] T.-R. Wu, Deterministic Study on the Potential Large Tsunami Hazard in Taiwan, Journal of Earthquake and Tsunami,6,3 (2012).
[12] T.-R. Wu, D.-C. Ho, High resolution tsunami inversion for 2010 Chile earthquake,Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences,11, 3251-3261 (2011).
[13] T.-R. Wu, C.-J. Huang, M.-H. Chuang, C.-Y. Wang, C.-R. Chu, Dynamic Coupling of Multi-phase Fluids with a Moving Obstacle, Journal of Marine Science and Technology, 19(6), 643-650 (2011a).
[14] T.-R. Wu, M.-H. Chuang, C.-J. Huang, M.-Z. Chen, C.-Y. Wang, C.-R. Chu, Developing a Two-way Coupled of Moving Solid Method for Solving Landslide Generated Tsunamis, Tsunami Simulation for Impact Assessment, Penerbit Universiti Sains Malaysia, 63-73 (2011b).
[15] Z. Huang, T.-R. Wu, C. Liu, M.-H. Chuang, Experimental and Numerical Study of Solitary Waves Passing Over a Vertical Thin Wall, Tsunami Simulation for Impact Assessment, Penerbit Universiti Sains Malaysia, 95-105 (2011).
[16] T.-R. Wu, D. He, Development of Small Unit Tsunami Inverse Method: Application to the 2006 Ping-Tung Earthquake, Tsunami Simulation for Impact Assessment, Penerbit Universiti Sains Malaysia, 152-162 (2011c).
[17] T.-R. Wu, M.-S. Wei, Numerical Analysis on the 3D Bores Interaction with Structures, Tsunami Simulation for Impact Assessment, Penerbit Universiti Sains Malaysia, 239-249 (2011d).
[18] §d¯®¥ô, 2011¤é¥»ºÖ®q®ü¼S¤§¬ã¨s»P¬Ù«ä Yµo¥Í°¨¥§©Ô®ü·¾¦a¾_¡E¹w´ú®ü¼S±N©ó13¤ÀÄÁ¹F§Ú®Ö¤T¼t,¤g¤ì¤ô§Q:¤¤°ê¤g¤ì¤ô§Q¤uµ{¾Ç·|·|¥Z,38,2, 1-7 (2011).
[19] M.-H. Chuang, T.-R. Wu, Dynamic Coupling of Multiphase Fluids with a Moving Obstacle: Developing a Two-way Coupled Moving Solid Method for Solving Landslide Generated Tsunamis, VDM Verlag Dr. M Êller (2010).
[20] T.-R. Wu, H.-C. Huang, Modeling tsunami hazards from Manila trench to Taiwan, Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,36,1, 21-28 (2009).
[21] K. Megawati, F. Shaw, K. Sieh, Z. Huang, T.-R. Wu, Y. Lin, S. K. Tan, T.-C. Pan, Tsunami hazard from the subduction megathrust of the South China Sea: Part I. Source characterization and the resulting tsunami, Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,36,1, 13-20 (2009).
[22] Z. H., T.-R. Wu, S. K. Tan, K. Megawati, F. Shaw, X. Liu, T.-C. Pan, Tsunami hazard from the subduction Megathrust of the South China Sea: Part II. Hydrodynamic modeling and possible impact on Singapore, Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,36,1, 93-97 (2009).
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